Publication List

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    1. R. K. Hanson, R. M. Spearrin, C. S. Goldenstein, Spectroscopy and Optical Diagnostics for Gases, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland (2015)

    Articles

    1. Minesi, N. Q., Nair, A. P., Richmond, M. O., Kuenning, N. M., Jelloian, C. C., & Spearrin, R. M. (2023). Excited oxygen kinetics at electronvolt temperatures via 5-MHz RF-diplexed laser absorption spectroscopy. Applied Optics, 62(3), 782. https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.479155
    2. Sanders, I. C., Kuenning, N. M., Minesi, N. Q., Pineda, D. I., & Spearrin, R. M. (2023). Methyl methacrylate thermal decomposition: Modeling and laser spectroscopy of species time-histories behind reflected shock waves. Fuel, 335, 126846. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126846
    3. Minesi, N. Q., Richmond, M. O., Jelloian, C. C., Kuenning, N. M., Nair, A. P., & Spearrin, R. M. (2022). Multi-line boltzmann regression for near-electronvolt temperature and co sensing via mhz-rate infrared laser absorption spectroscopy. Applied Physics B, 128(12). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-022-07931-7
    4. Schwarm, K. K., Minesi, N. Q., Jeevaretanam, B., Enayati, S., Tsao, T.-C., & Spearrin, R. M. (2022). Cycle-resolved emissions analysis of Polyfuel reciprocating engines via in-situ laser absorption spectroscopy. ASME 2022 ICE Forward Conference. https://doi.org/10.1115/icef2022-88543
    5. Wei, C., Schwarm, K. K., Pineda, D. I., & Spearrin, R. M. (2022). Quantitative volumetric laser absorption imaging of methane and temperature in flames utilizing line-mixing effects. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2022.07.092
    6. Wei, C., Perakis, N., Pineda, D. I., Egolfopoulos, F. N., Ihme, M., & Spearrin, R. M. (2022). Turbulence-induced bias in time-averaged laser absorption tomography of correlated concentration and temperature fields with a first-order correction. Combustion and Flame, 242, 112210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2022.112210
    7. Jelloian, C. C., Minesi, N. Q., & Spearrin, R. M. (2022). High-speed mid-infrared laser absorption spectroscopy of CO2 for shock-induced thermal non-equilibrium studies of planetary entry. Applied Physics B, 128(12). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-022-07934-4
    8. Nair, A. P., Keller, A. R., Minesi, N. Q., Pineda, D. I., & Spearrin, R. M. (2022). Detonation cell size of liquid hypergolic propellants: Estimation from a non-premixed combustor. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2022.06.015
    9. Wei, C., Abuseada, M., Jeevaretanam, B., Fisher, T. S., & Spearrin, R. M. (2022). Concentrated solar-thermal methane pyrolysis in a porous substrate: Yield analysis via infrared laser absorption. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2022.07.007
    10. Nair, A. P., Minesi, N. Q., Jelloian, C., Kuenning, N. M., & Spearrin, R. M. (2022). Extended tuning of distributed-feedback lasers in a bias-tee circuit via waveform optimization for mhz-rate absorption spectroscopy. Measurement Science and Technology, 33(10), 105104. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ac7b13
    11. Jelloian, C. C., Bendana, F. A., Wei, C., Spearrin, R. M., & MacDonald, M. E. (2022). Nonequilibrium vibrational, rotational, and translational thermometry via megahertz laser absorption of CO. Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, 36(2), 266–275. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.t6376
    12. Nair, A. P., Keller, A. R., Morrow, D. S., Lima, A. B., Mitchell Spearrin, R., & Pineda, D. I. (2022). Hypergolic continuous detonation with space-storable propellants and additively manufactured Injector Design. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 59(4), 1332–1341. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.a35272
    13. Abuseada, M., Wei, C., Spearrin, R. M., & Fisher, T. S. (2022). Solar–thermal production of graphitic carbon and hydrogen via methane decomposition. Energy & Fuels, 36(7), 3920–3928. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c04405
    14. Keller, A. R., Otomize, J., Nair, A. P., Minesi, N. Q., & Spearrin, R. M. (2022). High-diodicity impinging injector design for rocket propulsion enabled by Additive Manufacturing. AIAA SCITECH 2022 Forum. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-1265
    15. Sanders, I. C., Bendana, F. A., Kuenning, N., & Spearrin, R. M. (2022). Spatially-resolved characteristic velocity (C*) measurements for hybrid rocket combustion analysis using laser spectroscopy. AIAA SCITECH 2022 Forum. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-2233
    16. Jelloian, C., Minesi, N. Q., & Spearrin, R. M. (2022). High-speed interband cascade laser absorption sensor for multiple temperatures in CO2 Rovibrational non-equilibrium. AIAA SCITECH 2022 Forum. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-2398
    17. Kuenning, N., Sanders, I. C., Mellor, T., Minesi, N. Q., Pineda, D. I., & Spearrin, R. M. (2022). Kinetics of methyl methacrylate (MMA) combustion assessed by time-resolved speciation behind shock waves. AIAA SCITECH 2022 Forum. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-2231
    18. Nair, A. P., Minesi, N. Q., Jelloian, C., Kuenning, N., & Spearrin, R. M. (2022). RF-waveform optimization for mhz-rate DFB laser absorption spectroscopy in dynamic combustion environments. AIAA SCITECH 2022 Forum. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-2373
    19. Schwarm, K., Nair, A. P., Wei, C., Spearrin, R. M., Ozen, E., Gonzalez, E., & Kriesel, J. (2022). Three-dimensional real-time mapping of CO and CO2 concentrations in active Forest Burns with a UAV spectrometer. AIAA SCITECH 2022 Forum. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-2291
    20. Nair, A. P., Keller, A. R., Lima, A., & Spearrin, R. M. (2022). Deflagration-to-detonation transition in an annular combustor with hypergolic propellants. AIAA SCITECH 2022 Forum. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2022-0090
    21. Sanders, I. C., Bendana, F. A., Hagström, C. G., & Mitchell Spearrin, R. (2021). Injector effects on hybrid polymethylmethacrylate combustion assessed by thermochemical tomography. Journal of Propulsion and Power, 37(6), 928–943. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.b38316
    22. Bendana, F. A., Sanders, I. C., Stacy, N. G., & Spearrin, R. M. (2021). Localized characteristic velocity (C*) for rocket combustion analysis based on gas temperature and composition via laser absorption spectroscopy. Measurement Science and Technology, 32(12), 125203. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ac18d3
    23. Wei, C., Schwarm, K. K., Pineda, D. I., & Spearrin, R. M. (2021). Learning network for laser absorption imaging in flames using mid-fidelity simulations. OSA Imaging and Applied Optics Congress 2021 (3D, COSI, DH, ISA, PcAOP). https://doi.org/10.1364/cosi.2021.cth5a.6
    24. Wei, C., Schwarm, K. K., Pineda, D. I., & Mitchell Spearrin, R. (2021). Physics-trained neural network for sparse-view volumetric laser absorption imaging of species and temperature in reacting flows. Optics Express, 29(14), 22553. https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.427730
    25. Nair, A. P., Lee, D. D., Pineda, D. I., Kriesel, J., Hargus, W. A., Bennewitz, J. W., Bigler, B., Danczyk, S. A., & Spearrin, R. M. (2021). Methane-oxygen rotating detonation exhaust thermodynamics with variable mixing, equivalence ratio, and mass flux. Aerospace Science and Technology, 113, 106683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2021.106683
    26. Li, J., Schwarm, K. K., Wei, C., & Mitchell Spearrin, R. (2021). Robust cepstral analysis at variable wavelength scan depth for narrowband tunable laser absorption spectroscopy. Measurement Science and Technology, 32(4), 045502. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/abcd6a
    27. Pineda, D. I., Bendana, F. A., & Mitchell Spearrin, R. (2021). Competitive oxidation of methane and hydrocarbons discerned by isotopic labeling and laser absorption spectroscopy of CO isotopologues in shock-heated mixtures. Combustion and Flame, 224, 54–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.11.006
    28. Sanders, I. C., Bendana, F. A., Stacy, N., Schwarm, K. K., & Spearrin, R. M. (2021). Swirl injection in hybrid polymethylmethacrylate combustion assessed by thermochemical imaging. AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2021 Forum. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-3513
    29. Nair, A. P., Morrow, D., Keller, A. R., Lima, A., Pineda, D. I., & Spearrin, R. M. (2021). Rotating detonation of hypergolic space-storable rocket propellants with additively-manufactured Injector Design. AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2021 Forum. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-3648
    30. Jelloian, C., Bendana, F. A., Wei, C., Spearrin, R. M., & MacDonald, M. E. (2021). Simultaneous vibrational, rotational, and translational thermometry based on laser absorption of CO in shock-induced non-equilibrium. AIAA Scitech 2021 Forum. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2021-0448
    31. Wei, C., Schwarm, K. K., Pineda, D. I., & Spearrin, R. M. (2020). Volumetric laser absorption imaging of temperature, CO and CO2 in laminar flames using 3D masked Tikhonov regularization. Combustion and Flame. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.10.031
    32. Pineda, D. I., Paxton, L., Perakis, N., Wei, C., Luna, S., Kahouli, H., Ihme, M., Egolfopoulus, F. N., & Spearrin, R. M. (2020). Carbon oxidation in turbulent premixed jet flames: A comparative experimental and numerical study of ethylene, n-heptane, and toluene. Combustion and Flame, 221, 371–383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.08.008
    33. Li, J., Nair, A. P., Schwarm, K. K., Pineda, D. I., & Spearrin, R. M. (2020). Temperature-dependent line mixing in the R-branch of the v3 band of methane. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 255, 107271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2020.107271
    34. Lee, D. D., Bendana, F. A., Nair, A. P., Danczyk, S. A., Hargus, W. A., & Spearrin, R. M. (2020). Exploiting line-mixing effects for laser absorption spectroscopy at extreme combustion pressures. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2020.08.037
    35. Bendana, F. A., Sanders, I. C., Castillo, J. J., Hagström, C. G., Pineda, D. I., & Spearrin, R. M. (2020). In-situ thermochemical analysis of hybrid rocket fuel oxidation via laser absorption tomography of CO, CO2, and H2O. Experiments in Fluids, 61(9), 190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-020-03004-7
    36. Lee, D. D., Bendana, F. A., Nair, A. P., Pineda, D. I., & Spearrin, R. M. (2020). Line mixing and broadening of carbon dioxide by argon in the v3 bandhead near 4.2 µm at high temperatures and high pressures. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 253, 107135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2020.107135
    37. Nair, A. P., Lee, D. D., Pineda, D. I., Kriesel, J., Hargus, W. A., Bennewitz, J. W., Danczyk, S. A., & Spearrin, R. M. (2020). MHz laser absorption spectroscopy via diplexed RF modulation for pressure, temperature, and species in rotating detonation rocket flows. Applied Physics B, 126(8), 138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-020-07483-8
    38. Wei, C., Schwarm, K. K., Pineda, D. I., & Spearrin, R. M. (2020). Deep neural network inversion for 3D laser absorption imaging of methane in reacting flows. Optics Letters, 45(8), 2447. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.391834
    39. Pineda, D. I., Urban, J. L., & Spearrin, R. M. (2020). Interband cascade laser absorption of hydrogen chloride for high-temperature thermochemical analysis of fire-resistant polymer reactivity. Applied Optics, 59(7), 2141. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.386536
    40. Nair, A. P., Lee, D. D., Pineda, D. I., Spearrin, R. M., Krisel, J., Hargus, W. A., Bennewitz, J. B., & Danczyk, S. (2020). MHz Mid-infrared Laser Absorption of CO and CO2 for Pressure, Temperature, and Species in Rotating Detonation Rocket Flows. In AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2020 Forum. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2020-3867
    41. Schwarm, K. K., Strand, C. L., Miller, V. A., & Spearrin, R. M. (2020). Calibration-free breath acetone sensor with interference correction based on wavelength modulation spectroscopy near 8.2 μm. Applied Physics B, 126(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-019-7358-x
    42. Lin, Y.-J., Cakmakyapan, S., Wang, N., Lee, D. D., Spearrin, R. M., & Jarrahi, M. (2019). Plasmonic heterodyne spectrometry for resolving the spectral signatures of ammonia over a 1-45 THz frequency range. Optics Express, 27(25), 36838. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.036838
    43. Bendana, F. A., Lee, D. D., Wei, C., Pineda, D. I., & Spearrin, R. M. (2019). Line mixing and broadening in the v(1→3) first overtone bandhead of carbon monoxide at high temperatures and high pressures. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 239, 106636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2019.106636
    44. Bendana, F. A., Lee, D. D., Schumaker, S. A., Danczyk, S. A., & Spearrin, R. M. (2019). Cross-band infrared laser absorption of carbon monoxide for thermometry and species sensing in high-pressure rocket flows. Applied Physics B, 125(11), 204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-019-7320-y
    45. Pineda, D. I., Bendana, F. A., Schwarm, K. K., & Spearrin, R. M. (2019). Multi-isotopologue laser absorption spectroscopy of carbon monoxide for high-temperature chemical kinetic studies of fuel mixtures. Combustion and Flame, 207, 379–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2019.05.030
    46. Schwarm, K. K., Wei, C., Pineda, D. I., & Mitchell Spearrin, R. (2019). Time-resolved laser absorption imaging of ethane at 2 kHz in unsteady partially premixed flames. Applied Optics, 58(21), 5656. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.58.005656
    47. Tancin, R. J., Spearrin, R. M., & Goldenstein, C. S. (2019). 2D mid-infrared laser-absorption imaging for tomographic reconstruction of temperature and carbon monoxide in laminar flames. Optics Express, 27(10), 14184. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.014184
    48. Schwarm, K. K., Dinh, H. Q., Goldenstein, C. S., Pineda, D. I., & Spearrin, R. M. (2019). High-pressure and high-temperature gas cell for absorption spectroscopy studies at wavelengths up to 8 µm. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 227, 145–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2019.01.029
    49. Spearrin, R. M., & Bendana, F. A. (2019). Design-build-launch: a hybrid project-based laboratory course for aerospace engineering education. Acta Astronautica, 157, 29–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2018.11.002
    50. Peng, W. Y., Cassady, S. J., Strand, C. L., Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R. M., Brophy, C. M., … Hanson, R. K. (2019). Single-ended mid-infrared laser-absorption sensor for time-resolved measurements of water concentration and temperature within the annulus of a rotating detonation engine. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 37(2), 1435–1443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2018.05.021
    51. Wei, C., Pineda, D. I., Goldenstein, C. S., & Spearrin, R. M. (2018). Tomographic laser absorption imaging of combustion species and temperature in the mid-wave infrared. Optics Express, 26(16), 20944. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.26.020944
    52. Wei, C., Pineda, D. I., Paxton, L., Egolfopoulos, F. N., & Spearrin, R. M. (2018). Mid-infrared laser absorption tomography for quantitative 2D thermochemistry measurements in premixed jet flames. Applied Physics B, 124(6), 123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-018-6984-z
    53. Lee, D. D., Bendana, F. A., Schumaker, S. A., & Spearrin, R. M. (2018). Wavelength modulation spectroscopy near 5 μm for carbon monoxide sensing in a high-pressure kerosene-fueled liquid rocket combustor. Applied Physics B, 124(5), 77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-018-6945-6
    54. Almodovar, C. A., Spearrin, R. M., & Hanson, R. K. (2017). Two-color laser absorption near 5 μm for temperature and nitric oxide sensing in high-temperature gases. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 203, 572–581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2017.03.003
    55. Goldenstein, C. S., Miller, V. A., Spearrin, R. M., & Strand, C. L. (2017). SpectraPlot.com: Integrated spectroscopic modeling of atomic and molecular gases. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 200, 249–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2017.06.007
    56. Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R. M., Jeffries, J. B., & Hanson, R. K. (2017). Infrared laser-absorption sensing for combustion gases. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 60, 132–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2016.12.002
    57. Girard, J. J., Spearrin, R. M., Goldenstein, C. S., & Hanson, R. K. (2017). Compact optical probe for flame temperature and carbon dioxide using interband cascade laser absorption near 4.2 µm. Combustion and Flame, 178, 158–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2017.01.007
    58. Sur, R., Peng, W. Y., Strand, C., Spearrin, R. M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Bekal, A., Halder, P., Poonacha, S. P., Vartak, S., & Sridharan, A. K. (2017). Mid-infrared laser absorption spectroscopy of NO2 at elevated temperatures. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 187(2), 364–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.10.016
    59. Peng, W. Y., Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R. M., Jeffries, J. B., & Hanson, R. K. (2016). Single-ended mid-infrared laser-absorption sensor for simultaneous in situ measurements of H2O, CO2, CO, and temperature in combustion flows. Applied Optics, 55(33), 9347. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.55.009347
    60. Peng, W. Y., Sur, R., Strand, C. L., Spearrin, R. M., Jeffries, J. B., & Hanson, R. K. (2016). High-sensitivity in situ QCLAS-based ammonia concentration sensor for high-temperature applications. Applied Physics B, 122(7), 188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-016-6464-2
    61. Sur, R., Spearrin, R. M., Peng, W. Y., Strand, C. L., Jeffries, J. B., Enns, G. M., & Hanson, R. K. (2016). Line intensities and temperature-dependent line broadening coefficients of Q-branch transitions in the v2 band of ammonia near 10.4μm. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 175, 90–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2016.02.002
    62. Goldenstein, C. S., Mitchell Spearrin, R., & Hanson, R. K. (2016). Fiber-coupled diode-laser sensors for calibration-free stand-off measurements of gas temperature, pressure, and composition. Applied Optics, 55(3), 479. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.55.000479
    63. Campbell, M. F., Parise, T., Tulgestke, A. M., Spearrin, R. M., Davidson, D. F., & Hanson, R. K. (2015). Strategies for obtaining long constant-pressure test times in shock tubes. Shock Waves, 25(6), 651–665. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-015-0596-x
    64. Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R. M., Jeffries, J. B., & Hanson, R. K. (2015). Infrared laser absorption sensors for multiple performance parameters in a detonation combustor. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 35(3), 3739–3747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2014.05.027
    65. Campbell, M. F., Wang, S., Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R. M., Tulgestke, A. M., Zaczek, L. T., Davidson, D. F., & Hanson, R. K. (2015). Constrained reaction volume shock tube study of n -heptane oxidation: Ignition delay times and time-histories of multiple species and temperature. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 35(1), 231–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2014.05.001
    66. Spearrin, R. M., Li, S., Davidson, D. F., Jeffries, J. B., & Hanson, R. K. (2015). High-temperature iso-butene absorption diagnostic for shock tube kinetics using a pulsed quantum cascade laser near 11.3 μm. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 35(3), 3645–3651. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2014.04.002
    67. Spearrin, R. M., Schultz, I. A., Jeffries, J. B., & Hanson, R. K. (2014). Laser absorption of nitric oxide for thermometry in high-enthalpy air. Measurement Science and Technology, 25(12), 125103. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/25/12/125103
    68. Spearrin, R. M., Goldenstein, C. S., Jeffries, J. B., & Hanson, R. K. (2014). Quantum cascade laser absorption sensor for carbon monoxide in high-pressure gases using wavelength modulation spectroscopy. Applied Optics, 53(9), 1938. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.53.001938
    69. Spearrin, R. M., Goldenstein, C. S., Schultz, I. A., Jeffries, J. B., & Hanson, R. K. (2014). Simultaneous sensing of temperature, CO, and CO2 in a scramjet combustor using quantum cascade laser absorption spectroscopy. Applied Physics B, 117(2), 689–698. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-014-5884-0
    70. Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R. M., Jeffries, J. B., & Hanson, R. K. (2014). Wavelength-modulation spectroscopy near 2.5 μm for H2O and temperature in high-pressure and -temperature gases. Applied Physics B, 116(3), 705–716. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-013-5754-1
    71. Schultz, I. A., Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R.M., Jeffries, J. B., Hanson, R. K., Rockwell, R. D., & Goyne, C. P. (2014). Multispecies Midinfrared Absorption Measurements in a Hydrocarbon-Fueled Scramjet Combustor. Journal of Propulsion and Power, 30(6), 1595–1604. https://doi.org/10.2514/1.B35261
    72. Spearrin, R. M., Ren, W., Jeffries, J. B., & Hanson, R. K. (2014). Multi-band infrared CO2 absorption sensor for sensitive temperature and species measurements in high-temperature gases. Applied Physics B, 116(4), 855–865. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-014-5772-7
    73. Goldenstein, C. S., Spearrin, R. M., Schultz, I. A., Jeffries, J. B., & Hanson, R. K. (2014). Wavelength-modulation spectroscopy near 1.4 µm for measurements of H2O and temperature in high-pressure and -temperature gases. Measurement Science and Technology, 25(5), 055101. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/25/5/055101
    74. Spearrin, R. M., & Triolo, R.C. (2014). Natural gas-based transportation in the USA: economic evaluation and policy implications based on MARKAL modeling. International Journal of Energy Research, 38(14), 1879–1888. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.3199
    75. Ren, W., Spearrin, R.M., Davidson, D. F., & Hanson, R. K. (2014). Experimental and Modeling Study of the Thermal Decomposition of C3–C5 Ethyl Esters Behind Reflected Shock Waves. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 118(10), 1785–1798. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp411766b
    76. Goldenstein, C. S., Schultz, I. A., Spearrin, R. M., Jeffries, J. B., & Hanson, R. K. (2014). Scanned-wavelength-modulation spectroscopy near 2.5 μm for H2O and temperature in a hydrocarbon-fueled scramjet combustor. Applied Physics B, 116(3), 717–727. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-013-5755-0
    77. Spearrin, R. M., Goldenstein, C. S., Jeffries, J. B., & Hanson, R. K. (2013). Fiber-coupled 2.7 µm laser absorption sensor for CO2 in harsh combustion environments. Measurement Science and Technology, 24(5), 055107. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/24/5/055107
    78. Wei, C., Schwarm, K. K., Pineda, D. I., & Spearrin, R. M. (2020). 3D laser absorption imaging of combustion gases assisted by deep learning. In Optical Sensors and Sensing Congress, OSA Technical Digest. Optical Society America.
    79. Mehta, Y., Razavian, S., Schwarm, K., Spearrin, R. M., & Babakhani, A. (2020). Terahertz Gas-phase Spectroscopy of CO using a Silicon-based Picosecond Impulse Radiator. In Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (Vol. 2020-May, p. SM2F.7). Washington, D.C.: OSA. https://doi.org/10.1364/CLEO_SI.2020.SM2F.7
    80. Sanders, I. C., Bendana, F. A., Hagstrom, C., & Spearrin, R. M. (2020). Assessing Oxidizer Injector Design via Thermochemical Imaging of PMMA Combustion in a Hybrid Rocket Motor Geometry. In AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2020 Forum. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2020-3747
    81. Lee, D. D., Bendana, F. A., Nair, A. P., Spearrin, R. M., Danczyk, S. A., & Hargus, W. A. (2020). Laser absorption of carbon dioxide at the vibrational bandhead near 4.2 μm in high-pressure rocket combustion environments. In AIAA Scitech 2020 Forum. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2020-0298
    82. Nair, A. P., Jelloian, C., Morrow, D. S., Bendana, F. A., Pineda, D. I., & Spearrin, R. M. (2020). MHz mid-infrared laser absorption sensor for carbon monoxide and temperature behind detonation waves. In AIAA Scitech 2020 Forum. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2020-0733
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